Since starting Meno Clear, I have had less moments of excessive sweating during the day. 1.0 out of 5 stars Would of given zero stars. Reviewed in the United. ClearCare’s all-in-one home health care platform helps agency business owners grow their business, manage caregivers and optimize operations. On a Clear Day, an album by Anthony Strong on Spotify. We and our partners use cookies to personalize your experience. As Time Goes By. Nothing Like You. The More I See You. Each column represents a different hour. The colors of the blocks are the colors from CMC's forecast maps for that hour. The two numbers at the top of a column is the time. A digit 1 on top of a 3 means 13:00 or 1pm. It's local time, in 24hr format. (Local time for La Mesa is -7.0 hours from GMT.).
So, the day counter when you hit F3, somehow reset on me. I was near or over 400, which is a record for me. And now it's on 72. I don't understand.
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- 2Details
- 5Training Method
Description
Creates a vapor cloud using a combination of crystals. (Material: 3 Water Crystals, 1 Wind Crystal, 1 Earth Crystal) |
Details
- Uses the power of Wind, Water, and Clay to create Clouds.
- At Novice, Rain Casting will produce clouds that do not rain.
- At Ranks F, 9, 5, and 1, the cloud's radius increases
- At Rank C, the clouds show a darker tone.
- At Rank 1, the clouds will strike lightning.
- The lightning will be able to stun monsters under the cloud. Additionally, their aggro will reset.
- However the damage is low (1~10).
- Enemies underneath the cloud will not aggro unless attacked.
- Uses three Water Crystals, one Wind Crystal and one Earth Crystal.
- Using Rain Casting in Sidhe Sneachta or Physis will cause snow to fall rather than rain.
- Rain Casting cannot be used indoors, Solea, Connous Underground Maze, or Scathach Caverns.
- Rain Casting can be used in Dungeons, Shadow Missions and Theatre Missions, including missions within Rath Royal Castle.
- Rain Casting will not cause a Glowing Twin Sword Statue to appear.
- Rain Casting will not cause different Gems to appear while using Metallurgy.
- While Standing under the cloud the skill Water Cannon gains bonus damage.
- Increases success rate of Fishing and Production skills.
- This bonus extends to all players underneath the cloud, whether or not they are in the same party.
- The quality of a finishing product through Tailoring or Blacksmithing is unaffected by a cloud's bonus.
- Boosts the success rate of Synthesis, Fragmentation, Metal Conversion, and making Alchemy Crystals.
- The rank of Alchemy Mastery, Earth Alchemy Mastery, Wind Alchemy, and Water Alchemy will increase the radius of the cloud.
- The formula for Rain Casting Radius is:
radius * (1 + 4 * alchemy mastery bonus + 3 * water alchemy efficiency + wind alchemy efficiency + clay alchemy efficiency)
- The formula for Rain Casting Radius is:
- As a Lightning element, Rain Casting's lightning effect is reduced by Lightning Shield.
- Alchemy Mastery (as well as alchemic damage modifier) does not increase duration, nor does it increase the production boost provided by the cloud.
- Cylinders, however, do affect Rain Casting's duration.
- The formula for Rain Casting duration is:
1 + (cylinder water bonus + cylinder wind bonus + cylinder earth bonus)
- The formula for Rain Casting duration is:
- Cylinders, however, do affect Rain Casting's duration.
Cylinder Duration Bonus
Cylinder | Bonus (Multiplier) |
---|---|
Revenant/Perseus Set | 2.0 |
Celtic Tetra | 1.9 |
Hurricane | 1.12 |
Demonic Abyss | 1.12 |
Tidal Wave | 1.1 |
Wind | 1.06 |
Earthquake | 1.06 |
Water | 1.05 |
Clay | 1.03 |
Cylinder | 1 |
Guard Cylinder | 1 |
Fire | 0.85 |
Volcano | 0.7 |
Demonic Hellfire | 0.64 |
Summary
Rank | N | F | E | D | C | B | A | 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Required AP | - | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 20 | 23 | 26 | 29 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 | 60 | |
Required AP (Total) | - | 5 | 12 | 21 | 32 | 45 | 60 | 80 | 103 | 129 | 158 | 193 | 233 | 278 | 328 | 388 | |
Additional Stamina | - | 2 | 3 | 10 | |||||||||||||
Additional Stamina (Total) | - | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 19 | 22 | 25 | 28 | 31 | 34 | 44 | |
Stamina Used | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 27 | 29 | 31 | 33 | 35 | 37 | 39 | 41 | 43 | 45 | |
Radius | 200 | 300 | 400 | 500 | 600 | ||||||||||||
Rain's Strength | - | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 20 | ||
Duration [sec] | 10 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 | 55 | 60 | 65 | 70 | 75 | 80 | 85 | 90 | |
Load Time [sec] | 9 (1 Charging + 8 Casting) | ||||||||||||||||
Cooldown Time [sec] | 120 | ||||||||||||||||
Water CannonDamage Bonus % | - | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | ||||||||||||
Stat* CP (Total) | - | 1.0 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 9.5 | 11.0 | 12.5 | 14.0 | 15.5 | 17.0 | 22.0 |
*Rain Casting does not add to Skill Combat Power.
Obtaining the Skill
- Learned during the Generation 10 Quest Rain Maker - Irinid.
Training Method
Tips
- 'Use the skill on a clear day' and 'Use the skill in the rain' are referring to weather. By contrast 'Use Water Cannon under a cloud' is referring to a cloud created by Rain Casting and cloudy weather does not work.
- Cloudy Days will count for neither Clear Day nor Rainy Day Training.
- Shadow Realm Rain will not count toward Rainy Day Training.
- However, Homestead Rain will count toward Rainy Day Training.
- The easiest guaranteed Rainy Day Training is simply to go to Metus where it's always raining.
- Skill Proficiency for Training Requirements may be received by being under another player's cloud.
- Forms of Gathering underneath a cloud include Shearing, Harvesting, Woodcutting, Mining, Herb Picking, Bottling, Egg Collecting, etc.
- Hitting props or picking up Cobwebs will not count toward this requirement.
- The fastest method is mining Moon Stone Pieces at any Castle site (Dugald Aisle, Sen Mag, Abb Neagh, or Sliab Cuilin) with a Speed Upgraded Pickaxe. With this method, it is possible to complete all the gathering requirements under a single cloud.
- Simpler still is having four or more fresh base herb patches in your homestead and a sufficient rank of Herbalism to pick them. You only need your bare hands to pick the herbs, making it preferable to mining Moon Stone Pieces. At earlier ranks, where you only need 10 or less successful gathers, mining for Homestead Stones under a cloud also works.
- Oneself, other players, and Pets will each count toward the '5 or more person are exposed to rain under a cloud.' Training Requirement.
- Other players and their pets do not need to be in your party to count towards this requirement.
- NPCs and Summoned Golems will not count toward this requirement.
- People do not need to be under your cloud at the same time. As long as 5 different people pass under your cloud before it disappears, you will receive training.
- Recommended to go to a busy channel or just summon/cancel enough pets in quick succession.
- For Ranks 5 and above, the 'Successful finish in producing under a cloud.' requirement may only be met when applying the finishing step to an item that is being tailored or smithed.
- Using the Sewing Pattern for the Hairband is recommended as all of its materials can be bought from an NPC at a very low cost.
- At high ranks of Rain Casting, if you or a friend has rank 1 Shock and you have access to variable -CP gear, you can easily fulfill the defeat an enemy with water cannon while under a cloud requirements using the first room of Sulfur Spider on Basic or Int difficulties. The sheer volume of enemies can get you anywhere between 20-30 kills per cast of Rain Casting. Put yourself into a party and set the finish rule to Anyone Can Finish. While whoever uses Shock passively kills enemies, you can target the ones who need to be finished off with Water Cannon. Be sure to use a Tidal Wave or Hurricane Cylinder to extend the duration of the cloud. While the Hurricane Cylinder will extend the duration for longer, the Tidal Wave Cylinder will further boost your Water Cannon damage, making it easier to pick off half-dead enemies when Shock expires.
Novice Rank
- AP: -
- Effects: None
Method | Exp. | Count | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Use the skill. | 100 | 1 | 100 |
Rank F
- AP: 5
- Stat Improvement: Stamina +2
- Effects: Increased cloud radius, cloud begins to produce rain.
Method | Exp. | Count | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Use the skill. | 5.00 | 10 | 50.00 |
Use the skill on a clear day. | 2.00 | 10 | 20.00 |
Use the skill in the rain. | 2.00 | 10 | 20.00 |
Use Water Cannon under a cloud. | 2.00 | 10 | 20.00 |
Rank E
- AP: 7
- Stat Improvement: Stamina +2 (+4 total)
- Effects: None
Method | Exp. | Count | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Use the skill. | 3.00 | 10 | 30.00 |
Use the skill on a clear day. | 2.00 | 15 | 30.00 |
Use the skill in the rain. | 2.00 | 15 | 30.00 |
Use Water Cannon under a cloud. | 2.00 | 15 | 30.00 |
Rank D
- AP: 9
- Stat Improvement: Stamina +2 (+6 total)
- Effects: None
Method | Exp. | Count | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Use the skill. | 3.00 | 10 | 30.00 |
Use the skill on a clear day. | 1.00 | 25 | 25.00 |
Use the skill in the rain. | 1.00 | 25 | 25.00 |
Use Water Cannon under a cloud. | 1.00 | 25 | 25.00 |
Rank C
- AP: 11
- Stat Improvement: Stamina +2 (+8 total)
- Effects: Darker clouds
Method | Exp. | Count | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Use the skill. | 2.00 | 15 | 30.00 |
Use the skill on a clear day. | 1.00 | 25 | 25.00 |
Use the skill in the rain. | 1.00 | 25 | 25.00 |
Use Water Cannon under a cloud. | 1.00 | 25 | 25.00 |
Rank B
- AP: 13
- Stat Improvement: Stamina +2 (+10 total)
- Effects: None
Method | Exp. | Count | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Use the skill. | 2.00 | 15 | 30.00 |
Use Water Cannon under a cloud. | 1.00 | 25 | 25.00 |
5 or more person are exposed to rain under a cloud. | 5.00 | 15 | 75.00 |
Rank A
- AP: 15
- Stat Improvement: Stamina +2 (+12 total)
- Effects: None
Method | Exp. | Count | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Use the skill. | 1.00 | 30 | 30.00 |
Defeat a same-level enemy under a cloud by Water Cannon. | 1.00 | 25 | 25.00 |
5 or more person are exposed to rain under a cloud. | 4.00 | 15 | 60.00 |
Rank 9
- AP: 20
- Stat Improvement: Stamina +2 (+14 total)
- Effects: Increased cloud radius.
Method | Exp. | Count | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Use the skill. | 1.00 | 30 | 30.00 |
Defeat a same-level enemy under a cloud by Water Cannon. | 0.50 | 30 | 15.00 |
5 or more person are exposed to rain under a cloud. | 3.00 | 15 | 45.00 |
Successful in gathering under a cloud. | 2.00 | 10 | 20.00 |
Rank 8
- AP: 23
- Stat Improvement: Stamina +2 (+16 total)
- Effects: None
Method | Exp. | Count | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Use the skill. | 0.50 | 60 | 30.00 |
Defeat a strong enemy under a cloud by Water Cannon. | 0.25 | 60 | 15.00 |
5 or more person are exposed to rain under a cloud. | 2.00 | 15 | 30.00 |
Successful in gathering under a cloud. | 1.50 | 20 | 30.00 |
Rank 7
- AP: 26
- Stat Improvement: Stamina +3 (+19 total)
- Effects: None
![Clear Clear](https://www.researchgate.net/profile/William_Chandler4/publication/265942533/figure/fig3/AS:669467273097228@1536624844729/Clear-sky-diffuse-shortwave-down-based-on-SWDF-069-Erbs-equation-10-in-Erbs-et.png)
Method | Exp. | Count | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Use the skill. | 0.25 | 100 | 25.00 |
Defeat a strong enemy under a cloud by Water Cannon. | 0.20 | 80 | 16.00 |
5 or more person are exposed to rain under a cloud. | 1.50 | 25 | 37.50 |
Successful in gathering under a cloud. | 1.50 | 25 | 37.50 |
Rank 6
- AP: 29
- Stat Improvement: Stamina +3 (+22 total)
- Effects: None
Method | Exp. | Count | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Use the skill. | 0.20 | 100 | 20.00 |
Defeat an awful enemy under a cloud by Water Cannon. | 0.20 | 150 | 30.00 |
5 or more person are exposed to rain under a cloud. | 1.00 | 30 | 30.00 |
Successful in gathering under a cloud. | 1.00 | 30 | 30.00 |
Rank 5
- AP: 35
- Stat Improvement: Stamina +3 (+25 total)
- Effects: Increased cloud radius.
Method | Exp. | Count | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Use the skill. | 0.20 | 100 | 20.00 |
Defeat an awful enemy under a cloud by Water Cannon. | 0.20 | 150 | 30.00 |
5 or more person are exposed to rain under a cloud. | 0.50 | 20 | 10.00 |
Successful in gathering under a cloud. | 0.50 | 20 | 10.00 |
Successful finish in producing under a cloud. | 3.00 | 15 | 45.00 |
Rank 4
- AP: 40
- Stat Improvement: Stamina +3 (+28 total)
- Effects: None
Method | Exp. | Count | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Use the skill. | 0.10 | 200 | 20.00 |
Defeat an awful enemy under a cloud by Water Cannon. | 0.10 | 300 | 30.00 |
5 or more person are exposed to rain under a cloud. | 0.25 | 40 | 10.00 |
Successful in gathering under a cloud. | 0.25 | 40 | 10.00 |
Successful finish in producing under a cloud. | 2.00 | 20 | 40.00 |
Rank 3
- AP: 45
- Stat Improvement: Stamina +3 (+31 total)
- Effects: None
Method | Exp. | Count | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Use the skill. | 0.10 | 200 | 20.00 |
Defeat a Boss-level enemy under a cloud by Water Cannon. | 0.10 | 300 | 30.00 |
5 or more person are exposed to rain under a cloud. | 0.25 | 40 | 10.00 |
Successful in gathering under a cloud. | 0.25 | 40 | 10.00 |
Successful finish in producing under a cloud. | 2.00 | 20 | 40.00 |
Rank 2
- AP: 50
- Stat Improvement: Stamina +3 (+34 total)
- Effects: None
Clear Day 3 1 00
Method | Exp. | Count | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Use the skill. | 0.10 | 200 | 20.00 |
Defeat a Boss-level enemy under a cloud by Water Cannon. | 0.10 | 300 | 30.00 |
5 or more person are exposed to rain under a cloud. | 0.20 | 50 | 10.00 |
Successful in gathering under a cloud. | 0.20 | 50 | 10.00 |
Successful finish in producing under a cloud. | 1.00 | 40 | 40.00 |
Rank 1
- AP: 60
- Stat Improvement: Stamina +10 (+44 total)
- Effects: Increased cloud radius, lightning will strike.
Method | Exp. | Count | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Use the skill. | 0.10 | 200 | 20.00 |
Defeat a Boss-level enemy under a cloud by Water Cannon. | 0.10 | 300 | 30.00 |
5 or more person are exposed to rain under a cloud. | 0.10 | 100 | 10.00 |
Successful in gathering under a cloud. | 0.10 | 100 | 10.00 |
Successful finish in producing under a cloud. | 0.50 | 80 | 40.00 |
Master Title
the Master of Rain
- Stamina +30
- Luck +20
- HP -20
Related Enchants
Clear Day 3 1 0 3
Name | Type, Rank | Enchants Onto | Effect(s) | Comes On/From |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cursed | Suffix, 7 | Fomor Two-handed Weapons | When Rain Casting is Rank D or higher Critical +3~7% When Evasion is Rank E or higher Max Damage +11~25 Protection -3 | Trade Assistant Imp's Shop (500,000 Ducats) |
Disaster Personalize[1] | Suffix, 4 | Cylinders | When Wind Blast is Rank 1 or higher Critical +15% When Heat Buster is Rank 1 or higher Fire Alchemy Damage +15~25 When Rain Casting is Rank 1 or higher Water Alchemy Damage +30~50 When Alchemy Mastery is Rank 2 or lower Max Damage -50 | Enchant Scroll (Belvast Hostage Rescue, Rundal Advanced Hardmode) |
Gust | Prefix, D | Headgear | When Rain Casting is Rank C or higher Balance +6% When Wind Blast is Rank A or higher Max Stamina +12 | |
Steam Personalize[1] | Prefix, 8 | Shields | Critical +6% When Mana Crystallization is Rank B or higher Fire Alchemy Damage +3 When Rain Casting is Rank B or higher Water Alchemy Damage +6 | Exclusive Enchant Scroll (The Other Alchemists Elite; Independence Day Convoy Event, Roulette Bingo Event (2012)) |
- ↑ 1.01.1Note: Once an item is personalized by an enchant, the personalization is permanent, even if the personalizing enchant is later overwritten by another enchant.
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In meteorology, visibility is a measure of the distance at which an object or light can be clearly discerned. It is reported within surface weather observations and METAR code either in meters or statute miles, depending upon the country. Visibility affects all forms of traffic: roads, sailing and aviation. Meteorological visibility refers to transparency of air: in dark, meteorological visibility is still the same as in daylight for the same air.
Definition[edit]
Airplane flying into clouds on descent for landing
ICAO Annex 3 Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation[1] contains the following definitions and note:
- a) the greatest distance at which a black object of suitable dimensions, situated near the ground, can be seen and recognized when observed against a bright background;
- b) the greatest distance at which lights of 1,000 candelas can be seen and identified against an unlit background.
- Note.— The two distances have different values in air of a given extinction coefficient, and the latter b) varies with the background illumination. The former a) is represented by the meteorological optical range (MOR).
Annex 3 [1] also defines Runway Visual Range (RVR) as:
- The range over which the pilot of an aircraft on the centre line of a runway can see the runway surface markings or the lights delineating the runway or identifying its centre line.
Foggy morning road
On clear days, Tel Aviv's skyline is visible from the Carmel mountains, 80 km north
In extremely clean air in Arctic or mountainous areas, the visibility can be up to 240 km (150 miles) where there are large markers such as mountains or high ridges. However, visibility is often reduced somewhat by air pollution and high humidity. Various weather stations report this as haze (dry) or mist (moist). Fog and smoke can reduce visibility to near zero, making driving extremely dangerous. The same can happen in a sandstorm in and near desert areas, or with forest fires. Heavy rain (such as from a thunderstorm) not only causes low visibility, but the inability to brake quickly due to hydroplaning. Blizzards and ground blizzards (blowing snow) are also defined in part by low visibility.
Derivation[edit]
To define visibility the case of a perfectly black object being viewed against a perfectly white background is examined. The visual contrast, CV(x), at a distance x from the black object is defined as the relative difference between the light intensity of the background and the object
where FB(x) and F(x) are the intensities of the background and the object, respectively. Because the object is assumed to be perfectly black, it must absorb all of the light incident on it. Thus when x=0 (at the object), F(0) = 0 and CV(0) = 1.
Between the object and the observer, F(x) is affected by additional light that is scattered into the observer's line of sight and the absorption of light by gases and particles. Light scattered by particles outside of a particular beam may ultimately contribute to the irradiance at the target, a phenomenon known as multiple scattering. Unlike absorbed light, scattered light is not lost from a system. Rather, it can change directions and contribute to other directions. It is only lost from the original beam traveling in one particular direction. The multiple scattering's contribution to the irradiance at x is modified by the individual particle scattering coefficient, the number concentration of particles, and the depth of the beam. The intensity change dF is the result of these effects over a distance dx. Because dx is a measure of the amount of suspended gases and particles, the fraction of F that is diminished is assumed to be proportional to the distance, dx. The fractional reduction in F is
where bext is the attenuation coefficient. The scattering of background light into the observer's line of sight can increase F over the distance dx. This increase is defined as b' FB(x) dx, where b' is a constant. The overall change in intensity is expressed as
Since FB represents the background intensity, it is independent of x by definition. Therefore,
It is clear from this expression that b' must be equal to bext. Thus, the visual contrast, CV(x), obeys the Beer–Lambert law
which means that the contrast decreases exponentially with the distance from the object:
Lab experiments have determined that contrast ratios between 0.018 and 0.03 are perceptible under typical daylight viewing conditions. Usually, a contrast ratio of 2% (CV = 0.02) is used to calculate visual range. Plugging this value into the above equation and solving for x produces the following visual range expression (the Koschmieder equation):
Clear Day 3 1 0 1
with xV in units of length. At sea level, the Rayleigh atmosphere has an extinction coefficient of approximately 13.2 × 10−6 m−1 at a wavelength of 520 nm. This means that in the cleanest possible atmosphere, visibility is limited to about 296 km.
Visibility perception depends on several physical and visual factors. A realistic definition should consider the fact that the human visual system (HVS) is highly sensitive to spatial frequencies, and then to use the Fourier transform and the contrast sensitivityfunction of the HVS to assess visibility.[2]
Fog, mist, haze, and freezing drizzle[edit]
The international definition of fog is a visibility of less than 1 km (3,300 ft); mist is a visibility of between 1 km (0.62 mi) and 2 km (1.2 mi) and haze from 2 km (1.2 mi) to 5 km (3.1 mi). Fog and mist are generally assumed to be composed principally of water droplets, haze and smoke can be of smaller particle size. This has implications for sensors such as thermal imagers (TI/FLIR) operating in the far-IR at wavelengths of about 10 μm, which are better able to penetrate haze and some smokes because their particle size is smaller than the wavelength; the IR radiation is therefore not significantly deflected or absorbed by the particles.[citation needed]
With fog, occasional freezing drizzle and snow can occur. This usually occurs when temperatures are below 0 °C (32 °F). These conditions are hazardous due to ice formation, which can be deadly, particularly so because of the low visibility, which usually accompanies these conditions at under 1000 yards. The combination of low visibility and ice formation can lead to accidents on roadways. These cold weather events are caused largely by low-lying stratus clouds.
Very low visibility[edit]
Visibility of less than 100 metres (330 ft) is usually reported as zero. In these conditions, roads may be closed, or automatic warning lights and signs may be activated to warn drivers. These have been put in place in certain areas that are subject to repeatedly low visibility, particularly after traffic collisions or pile-ups involving multiple vehicles.
Low visibility warnings[edit]
In addition, an advisory is often issued by a government weather agency for low visibility, such as a dense fog advisory from the U.S. National Weather Service. These generally advise motorists to avoid travel until the fog dissipates or other conditions improve. Airport travel is also often delayed by low visibility, sometimes causing long waits due to approach visibility minimums and the difficulty of safely moving aircraft on the ground in low visibility.[3][4]
Visibility and air pollution[edit]
A visibility reduction is probably the most apparent symptom of air pollution. Visibility degradation is caused by the absorption and scattering of light by particles and gases in the atmosphere. Absorption of electromagnetic radiation by gases and particles is sometimes the cause of discolorations in the atmosphere but usually does not contribute very significantly to visibility degradation.
Scattering by particulates impairs visibility much more readily. Visibility is reduced by significant scattering from particles between an observer and a distant object. The particles scatter light from the sun and the rest of the sky through the line of sight of the observer, thereby decreasing the contrast between the object and the background sky. Particles that are the most effective at reducing visibility (per unit aerosol mass) have diameters in the range of 0.1-1.0 µm. The effect of air molecules on visibility is minor for short visual ranges but must be taken into account for ranges above 30 km.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ ab'ICAO Annex 3 Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation'(PDF) (16th ed.). International Civil Aviation Organization. July 2007. Retrieved 2018-03-09.
- ^Moreno, Ivan; Jauregui-Sánchez, Y.; Avendaño-Alejo, Maximino (2014). 'Invisibility assessment: a visual perception approach'(PDF). Journal of the Optical Society of America A. 31 (10): 2244–2248. Bibcode:2014JOSAA..31.2244M. doi:10.1364/josaa.31.002244.
- ^'Why fog can play havoc with your travel plans'. www.newcastleairport.com.au. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
- ^'Project AS 07/13 - Regulation of Low Visibility Operations'. www.casa.gov.au. Australian Civil Aviation Safety Authority. 21 March 2009. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
- Seinfeld, John H.; Pandis, Spyros N. (2006). Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics - From Air Pollution to Climate Change (2nd ed.). John Wiley and Sons, Inc. ISBN0-471-82857-2.
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